An X-ray spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the properties of X-rays, such as their energy distribution, intensity, and wavelength. It is a valuable tool in materials science, chemistry, physics, and other fields for identifying and characterizing materials, analyzing crystal structures, and studying the electronic and magnetic properties of materials. X-ray spectrometers typically work by using a crystal to diffract X-rays at specific angles, which produces a diffraction pattern that can be analyzed to determine the properties of the X-rays. Other types of X-ray spectrometers use detectors to directly measure the energy and intensity of X-rays. X-ray spectrometers are used in research, quality control, and manufacturing applications in industries such as semiconductor, pharmaceuticals, and metals.